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Score-Based Density Estimation from Pairwise Comparisons

Mikkola, Petrus, Acerbi, Luigi, Klami, Arto

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

We study density estimation from pairwise comparisons, motivated by expert knowledge elicitation and learning from human feedback. We relate the unobserved target density to a tempered winner density (marginal density of preferred choices), learning the winner's score via score-matching. This allows estimating the target by `de-tempering' the estimated winner density's score. We prove that the score vectors of the belief and the winner density are collinear, linked by a position-dependent tempering field. We give analytical formulas for this field and propose an estimator for it under the Bradley-Terry model. Using a diffusion model trained on tempered samples generated via score-scaled annealed Langevin dynamics, we can learn complex multivariate belief densities of simulated experts, from only hundreds to thousands of pairwise comparisons.


Coffee producers worldwide grapple with new environmental laws aimed at protecting forests

FOX News

Figure has developed a full-body humanoid robot, Figure-01, that can walk, talk and interact. Le Van Tam is no stranger to how the vagaries of global trade can determine the fortunes of small coffee farmers like him. He first planted coffee in a patch of land outside Buon Ma Thuot city in Vietnam's Central Highland region in 1995. For years, his focus was on quantity, not quality. Tam used ample amounts of fertilizer and pesticides to boost his yields, and global prices determined how well he did.


Chip shortages are producing winners and losers in the AI gold rush

New Scientist

Nvidia is the world's leading manufacturer of graphics processing units In the AI gold rush, chip-makers are selling shovels – and they are in short supply. As the latest generation of artificial intelligence models like ChatGPT look set to transform our lives, the hardware that makes it all possible is becoming a strategic asset, with countries, companies and researchers all scrabbling to get hold of supplies. With talk of shortages lasting until at least next year, some would-be AI developers face being left behind.


Council Post: Winners And Losers: Three Ways Leasing Professionals Can Embrace Artificial Intelligence

#artificialintelligence

Funnel Leasing CEO, on how to prepare for, and thrive through, the inevitable changes Artificial Intelligence (AI) delivers multifamily. With any new technology shift or macro change, there are winners and losers. Artificial intelligence (AI) is no exception. In multifamily tech folklore, there is a lingering belief that the AI winners will only be big companies, and the AI losers will be smaller enterprises like leasing teams. I'm here to tell you that is false.


Monday's Musings: Decision Velocity Will Determine Winners and Losers In A Digital Age

#artificialintelligence

Speed has always been a critical success factor in winning wars on the battlefield. You need to move troops faster, reach targets more quickly, and strike with speed and precision. However, what is often not talked about is how the speed with which decisions are made plays a role in claiming victory. Alexander the Great's success on the battlefield is often credited to the rapid decision-making capabilities of his armies. Enabled by trust and a decentralized command structure, his troops were able to beat their enemies by "out-decisioning" them.


2021 Winners and losers: Google

#artificialintelligence

It was a very good year for Google, but especially for its mobile division. The jury's still out on whether hardware sales will match the quality of its latest phones but in all cases the phones we saw from Google in 2021 deserve respect. Google's custom-developed chip Tensor is probably the company's biggest win. It enables advancements in machine learning and computational photography that Google wouldn't have been able to achieve by using an off-the-shelf Qualcomm chip. The processor has two Cortex-X1 cores, instead of the usual one, which means the Tensor is plenty powerful.


Winners and losers in the fulfilment of national artificial intelligence aspirations

#artificialintelligence

The quest for national AI success has electrified the world--at last count, 44 countries have entered the race by creating their own national AI strategic plan. While the inclusion of countries like China, India, and the U.S. are expected, unexpected countries, including Uganda, Armenia, and Latvia, have also drafted national plans in hopes of realizing the promise. Our earlier posts, entitled "How different countries view artificial intelligence" and "Analyzing artificial intelligence plans in 34 countries" detailed how countries are approaching national AI plans, as well as how to interpret those plans. In this piece, we go a step further by examining indicators of future AI needs. Clearly, having a national AI plan is a necessary but not sufficient condition to achieve the goals of the various AI plans circulating around the world; 44 countries currently have such plans. In previous posts, we noted how AI plans were largely aspirational, and that moving from this aspiration to successful implementation required substantial public-private investments and efforts.


Winners and Losers in the Digital Transformation of Work

#artificialintelligence

MILAN – Perhaps no single aspect of the digital revolution has received more attention than the effect of automaton on jobs, work, employment, and incomes. There is at least one very good reason for that – but it is probably not the one most people would cite. Former US President Donald Trump is not Hitler, and America is not the Weimar Republic. But, as four excellent recent books about the interwar years show, false narratives and craven political choices can have dreadful consequences that may not emerge immediately. Using machines to augment productivity is nothing new.



Top 10 emerging technologies of 2020: Winners and losers

#artificialintelligence

Technology solutions built around artificial intelligence (AI) and 5G offer the most immediate opportunities for tech firms to generate new business and revenue, according to CompTIA's third annual Top 10 Emerging Technologies report released on Wednesday. Each year, the Emerging Technology Community of CompTIA, the nonprofit association for the global technology industry, releases its list of the top emerging technologies. "Our ranking represents a consensus viewpoint that emerged after some spirited debate and discussion with the community," said Michael Haines, director of partner incentive strategy and program design for Microsoft and chair of the CompTIA Emerging Technology Community, in a press release. "We're not proposing that every solution provider and channel partner needs to immediately add these technologies to their menu of products and services," Haines added. "But these innovations will have a sweeping impact on the business of technology. Companies need to prepare now for the changes ahead."